{"id":374,"date":"2016-12-06T09:02:38","date_gmt":"2016-12-06T17:02:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/?p=374"},"modified":"2024-04-02T15:05:22","modified_gmt":"2024-04-02T22:05:22","slug":"higher-education-closed-captions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/higher-education-closed-captions\/","title":{"rendered":"OSU study: Confusion surrounds closed captioning implementation within higher education"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"A<\/p>\n

By Heather Doherty<\/a><\/em> \u00a0
\n<\/em><\/a>December 6, 2016<\/em><\/p>\n

Motivations and implementation efforts vary when it comes to captioning videos at higher education institutions, new research from Oregon State University shows.<\/p>\n

The national study, conducted by the Oregon State University Ecampus Research Unit<\/a> in collaboration with 3Play Media<\/a>, was designed to explore how higher education institutions handle closed captioning of videos for online and face-to-face classes and for institutional purposes, such as promotional videos. The survey questions covered topics regarding why and how institutions caption their videos.<\/p>\n

Approximately 80% of the 47 participating institutions were public colleges and universities in the United States. The majority of respondents consisted of universities that offer bachelor\u2019s and advanced degrees.<\/p>\n

Almost all of the respondents noted that closed captioning is being implemented at their institution for at least some videos. A relatively small number of institutions surveyed in the study said that all of their videos have closed captions.<\/p>\n

The majority of respondents noted that their institutional response to captioning is \u201cmore reactive than proactive\u201d or \u201cprimarily reactive,\u201d suggesting that most institutions in this study implement closed captioning only after a disability accommodation is requested.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhat this is telling us is that although the closed captioning of all videos may seem to be relatively simple in practice, it is not simple for many of the institutions that responded to the survey. They seem to be struggling to get all of their videos proactively captioned,\u201d said Katie Linder<\/a>, director of the OSU Ecampus Research Unit and author of the study.<\/p>\n

“<\/span>[The study] just scratches the surface about what we need to know about what\u2019s going on in our campuses regarding closed caption compliance and the different practices that are being used.”<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"A

\u201cWhat this is telling us is that although the closed captioning of all videos may seem to be relatively simple in practice, it is not simple for many of the institutions that responded to the survey. They seem to be struggling to get all of their videos proactively captioned,\u201d said Katie Linder, director of the OSU Ecampus Research Unit and author of the study.<\/p><\/div>\n

Respondents noted a range of reasons why they do not caption all videos at their institution, with the top reasons being a lack of general awareness regarding captioning and a lack of budget for the implementation of closed captions. Some respondents also noted that staffing is inadequate for providing closed captioning and that it is unclear who is responsible for it.<\/p>\n

Importantly, Linder says, all respondents indicated that closed captioning is a genuine need at their institution even if they expressed some confusion about how captions should be implemented.<\/p>\n

About 80% of responding institutions said they are \u201cvery confident\u201d or \u201cconfident\u201d that they understand legal requirements to caption. However, when prompted to clarify further, 24 of the 47 respondents noted that the legal requirement was to caption all videos, while others responded with varying degrees of implementation, implying some variation of opinion regarding what the law requires, Linder said. Of the 47 respondents, only eight said they meet or exceed requirements.<\/p>\n

“Between the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, all colleges and universities in the United States fall under accessibility law. However, because digital access was not written directly into the ADA and Section 504 when they were enacted, there is a lot of confusion about captioning requirements in higher education,\u201d said Lily Bond, marketing director at 3Play Media, a company that provides closed captioning, transcription and subtitling solutions. \u201cFor a lot of schools, accessibility compliance is driven in large part by state laws rather than federal laws. For example, California has strict proactive captioning laws, while many other states are lax. That might be a potential explanation for the confusion.\u201d<\/p>\n

Despite the fact that a majority of respondents said they use closed captioning primarily to be in compliance with federal law, the study found that more than 50% of these institutions do not monitor their compliance. Another 20% were not sure if they monitor compliance. One factor that may impact the degree to which the practice can be monitored is that a little more than 40% of campuses said that no aspects of captioning are centralized at their institution.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis study raises more questions than it answers,\u201d Linder said. \u201cIt just scratches the surface about what we need to know about what\u2019s going on in our campuses regarding closed caption compliance and the different practices that are being used.\u201d<\/p>\n

A summary of the findings<\/a> is available online, as well as a downloadable version of the full report.<\/p>\n

The Oregon State University Ecampus Research Unit and 3Play Media ran a separate national study focused on student uses and perceptions of closed captions and transcripts. View a summary<\/a> of those findings published online in November 2016, as well as a downloadable version of the full report.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

<\/span> 4<\/span> minute read<\/span><\/span>Motivations and implementation efforts vary when it comes to captioning videos at higher education institutions, new research from Oregon State University shows.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[673],"tags":[26,68,25,24,163],"class_list":["post-374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archives","tag-distance-education","tag-katie-linder","tag-online-education","tag-online-learning","tag-oregon-state-ecampus-research-unit"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/ECRU-CC2.jpeg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7BNSE-62","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":354,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/closed-captions\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":0},"title":"Students say closed captions, transcripts aid learning, Oregon State study finds","author":"Heather Doherty","date":"October 31, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Most college and university students who use closed captions and transcripts on video and multimedia find them helpful as a learning tool, despite them not regularly being made available, according to new research from Oregon State University.","rel":"","context":"In "Archives"","block_context":{"text":"Archives","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/archives\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A digitally designed image of a computer monitor with keyboard and mouse against a light blue background. The computer's screen reads \"CC\" for closed captioning.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/CC-blue.jpeg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/CC-blue.jpeg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/CC-blue.jpeg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1939,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/learning-analytics-research-study\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":1},"title":"Perspectives, perceptions and privacy: Voices in higher education learner data","author":"Tyler Hansen","date":"February 9, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Interdisciplinary research team organized by Oregon State Ecampus explores learning analytics from a systems perspective Institutions of higher education are perpetually collecting data about their students and faculty. How that data is collected and analyzed varies widely, but one thing is certain according to industry experts at EDUCAUSE: The use\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "All Stories"","block_context":{"text":"All Stories","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/all\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Oregon State Ecampus liberal studies alumna Janine Romero stands on a balcony speaking to her husband, Lee. Janine is one of several Ecampus alumni who shared about the process of building a network and communication skills while earning an Oregon State degree online.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-Analytics-Report-Janine-Romero-1200x628-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-Analytics-Report-Janine-Romero-1200x628-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-Analytics-Report-Janine-Romero-1200x628-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-Analytics-Report-Janine-Romero-1200x628-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-Analytics-Report-Janine-Romero-1200x628-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2263,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/equity-and-bias-in-online-learner-data\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":2},"title":"Oregon State publishes new study about equity and bias in online learner data","author":"Zach Elliott Kronser","date":"April 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Learning analytics is a fast-growing field that tracks how students interact with their online courses, and it has the potential to improve the online learning experience for many university students. But the collection and analysis of student data also invites ethical issues. A team of interdisciplinary researchers, led by the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "All Stories"","block_context":{"text":"All Stories","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/all\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"woman's hands typing on a laptop","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-analytics-800x450-230405.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-analytics-800x450-230405.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-analytics-800x450-230405.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/P05001-ECRU-Learning-analytics-800x450-230405.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":654,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/mary-ellen-dello-stritto\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":3},"title":"Getting to know Mary Ellen Dello Stritto","author":"Tyler Hansen","date":"November 6, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"It took one high school psychology class to kick-start Mary Ellen Dello Stritto's lifelong interest in how humans behave. Her educational history and subsequent career in higher education are inextricably linked to studying and educating others on that behavior. And now as the assistant director for Oregon State Ecampus Research\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Archives"","block_context":{"text":"Archives","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/archives\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Mary Ellen Dello Stritto, assistant director of the OSU Ecampus Research Unit, is smiling near a bookshelf in the Valley Library.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/mary-ellen-web.jpg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/mary-ellen-web.jpg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/mary-ellen-web.jpg?fit=638%2C410&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2046,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/lisa-templeton-elected-upcea-president\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":4},"title":"Oregon State Ecampus Associate Provost Templeton elected to serve as UPCEA president","author":"Tyler Hansen","date":"June 27, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Under the leadership of Lisa L. Templeton since 2008, Oregon State Ecampus has established itself as a national leader and innovator in the field of online education. Now the Ecampus associate provost is using her experience to impact institutions of higher education internationally in her new role as president of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "All Stories"","block_context":{"text":"All Stories","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/all\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/Lisa-Templeton-800x450-220627.jpg?fit=848%2C477&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/Lisa-Templeton-800x450-220627.jpg?fit=848%2C477&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/Lisa-Templeton-800x450-220627.jpg?fit=848%2C477&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/Lisa-Templeton-800x450-220627.jpg?fit=848%2C477&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2498,"url":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/ecampus-2023-online-education-scholarly-publications\/","url_meta":{"origin":374,"position":5},"title":"Want to know what some of the top minds in online education are thinking about?","author":"Elena Moffet","date":"March 6, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The team at Ecampus offered up eight scholarly articles and trade publications in 2023. Check out this round-up of their work and dive deeper into topics like quality assurance in online education, inclusive learning design, digital accessibility, and much more.","rel":"","context":"In "All Stories"","block_context":{"text":"All Stories","link":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/category\/all\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Macro image of magazines open on a table.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/News-Ecampus-scholarly-publications-800x450-1.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/News-Ecampus-scholarly-publications-800x450-1.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/News-Ecampus-scholarly-publications-800x450-1.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/assets\/News-Ecampus-scholarly-publications-800x450-1.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecampus.oregonstate.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}